RESUMO
Com o objetivo de avaliar a situação epidemiológica da infecção chagásica no Estado do Piauí e sua relação com idade, gênero, transfusão de sangue e aborto espontâneo, foi realizado, de agosto a dezembro de 2002, um inquérito sorológico com o exame de uma amostra aleatória simples de 36.399 moradores da área rural. A infecção chagásica foi definida pelo teste de imunofluorescência indireta para anticorpos antiTrypanosoma cruzi em amostra de sangue coletada em papel de filtro. A soroprevalência total foi de 1,9 por cento, variando de 0,1 por cento em menores de 5 anos a 6,6 por cento em maiores de 79 anos; foi significativamente maior nas mulheres (2,1 por cento), analfabetos (4,1 por cento), receptores de sangue (3,3 por cento) e nas mulheres com abortamento espontâneo (5,4 por cento). Esses dados ao serem comparados com os obtidos durante o inquérito sorológico nacional (1975-1980) mostraram significativa queda da soroprevalência da infecção chagásica no Estado do Piauí (4 por cento para 1,9 por cento), indicando a eficácia das medidas de controle vetorial implementadas no período 1975-2002.
To evaluate the epidemiological situation of Chagas disease infection in the State of Piauí, Brazil, and its relationships with age, gender, blood transfusion and spontaneous abortion, a serological survey was performed. A random sample of 36,399 inhabitants of rural zones was examined between August and December 2002. Chagas disease infection was defined by the indirect immunofluorescence test, with identification of antiTrypanosoma cruzi antibodies in blood samples collected on filter paper. The total seroprevalence was 1.9 percent, ranging from 0.1 percent in children less than five years old to 6.6 percent in adults over 79 years old. The seroprevalence was significantly higher in women (2.1 percent), illiterates (4.1 percent), individuals receiving blood (3.3 percent) and women with a history of spontaneous abortion (5.4 percent). Comparison with the national serological survey (1975-1980) showed that there had been a significant reduction in the seroprevalence of Chagas disease infection in the State of Piauí (4.0 percent to 1.9 percent), which was indicative of the efficacy of the vector control measures implemented between 1975 and 2002.
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Doença de Chagas/epidemiologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/imunologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Doença de Chagas/diagnóstico , Escolaridade , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Prevalência , População Rural , Estudos SoroepidemiológicosRESUMO
To evaluate the epidemiological situation of Chagas disease infection in the State of Piauí, Brazil, and its relationships with age, gender, blood transfusion and spontaneous abortion, a serological survey was performed. A random sample of 36,399 inhabitants of rural zones was examined between August and December 2002. Chagas disease infection was defined by the indirect immunofluorescence test, with identification of anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in blood samples collected on filter paper. The total seroprevalence was 1.9%, ranging from 0.1% in children less than five years old to 6.6% in adults over 79 years old. The seroprevalence was significantly higher in women (2.1%), illiterates (4.1%), individuals receiving blood (3.3%) and women with a history of spontaneous abortion (5.4%). Comparison with the national serological survey (1975-1980) showed that there had been a significant reduction in the seroprevalence of Chagas disease infection in the State of Piauí (4.0% to 1.9%), which was indicative of the efficacy of the vector control measures implemented between 1975 and 2002.
